British Rule in India

Lord Cornwallis introduced the Permanent Settlement (Zamindari system) in Bengal in 1793.

The Religious Disabilities Act (Lex Loci Act) was passed in 1850 during the tenure of Lord Dalhousie.

Thomas Munro and Alexander Read introduced the Ryotwari system, where the revenue settlement was made directly with the cultivators (ryots).

Satara was the first state annexed by the British under the Doctrine of Lapse in 1848.

Lord Canning, who was the Governor-General during the 1857 revolt, became the first Viceroy under the 1858 Act.

The Hunter Committee (Disorders Inquiry Committee) was formed to investigate the Jallianwala Bagh tragedy of 1919.

Lord Lytton passed the Act in 1878, but it was repealed by his successor, Lord Ripon, in 1881.

The Mahalwari system involved revenue settlement with the entire 'Mahal' (a village or a group of villages) rather than individual farmers.

The First Anglo-Mysore War (1767–69) ended with the Treaty of Madras signed between Hyder Ali and the British.

Sir William Jones founded the Asiatic Society of Bengal to promote the study of Indian history and culture.

Robert Clive introduced the system of Diarchy in 1765; it was abolished by Warren Hastings in 1772.

The Morley-Minto Reforms (1909) introduced separate communal electorates for Muslims.

The Pitts India Act created a Board of Control to exercise control over the Company's civil, military, and revenue operations.

The Policy of Ring Fence was primarily associated with Warren Hastings to protect British territories by creating buffer states.

Winston Churchill was the British Prime Minister during the announcement of the August Offer by Viceroy Linlithgow.

Lord Dalhousie annexed the Kingdom of Awadh in 1856, citing poor governance as the justification.

Wood's Despatch is considered the Magna Carta of English Education in India, emphasizing the spread of Western knowledge.

The British forces defeated the combined army of Mir Qasim (Nawab of Bengal), Shuja-ud-Daula (Nawab of Awadh), and the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II.

Lord Mayo initiated the process of financial decentralization in 1870, giving provinces greater control over their budgets.

Though associated with Holt Mackenzie, the concept of Mahalwari (village-based revenue) was developed as an alternative to the Permanent Settlement in regions like North-Western Provinces.

The Treaty of Salbai concluded the First Anglo-Maratha War, maintaining peace between the EIC and the Marathas for twenty years.

The Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act was drafted by Dalhousie but enacted during the tenure of Lord Canning in 1856.

Lord Canning introduced the Portfolio system in 1861, whereby each member of the Viceroy's Council was assigned a specific department.

Lord Cornwallis reorganized the police system and established the rank of Daroga to maintain law and order in the districts.

The Supreme Court was established at Fort William, Calcutta, in 1774 as per the provisions of the Regulating Act of 1773.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy campaigned extensively against Sati, leading to the regulation prohibiting it passed by Lord William Bentinck.

The Ilbert Bill (1883), introduced under Lord Ripon, sought to allow Indian judges to try criminal cases involving Europeans, leading to a massive backlash.

The Charter Act of 1833 made the Governor-General of Bengal the Governor-General of India, with William Bentinck being the first to hold this title.

The Sarda Act, or the Child Marriage Restraint Act, set the minimum age of marriage at 14 for girls and 18 for boys.

Lord Curzon announced the partition of Bengal in 1905, citing administrative convenience, which triggered the Swadeshi Movement.

The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act, 1919, commonly known as the Rowlatt Act, was based on the Sedition Committee report chaired by Sir Sidney Rowlatt.

Charles Wilkins, a member of the Asiatic Society, translated the Bhagavad Gita into English in 1785.

The Nizam of Hyderabad was the first ruler to enter into a Subsidiary Alliance with the British in 1798.

The Hunter Education Commission (1882) was appointed to review the progress of education since Wood's Despatch of 1854.

The Government of India Act 1858 was passed in the aftermath of the 1857 revolt, ending Company rule in India.

The reforms of 1919 are named after Edwin Montagu (Secretary of State for India) and Lord Chelmsford (Viceroy of India).

Sir Stafford Cripps came to India in 1942 to secure Indian cooperation for the British war effort by offering post-war dominion status.

Lord Dalhousie is credited with modernizing India through the introduction of railways, telegraphs, and the establishment of the PWD.

The Poona Pact was an agreement between B.R. Ambedkar and Mahatma Gandhi to retain joint electorates with reserved seats for the depressed classes.

The Treaty of Mangalore was signed between Tipu Sultan and the British East India Company in 1784, ending the Second Anglo-Mysore War.

Lord Cornwallis introduced the concept of the covenanted civil service and brought in reforms to check corruption by raising salaries and enforcing rules.

Dadabhai Naoroji, known as the 'Grand Old Man of India', was the first Indian to be elected to the British Parliament representing Finsbury Central.

Lord Ripon enacted the first Factory Act of 1881, which prohibited the employment of children under seven years of age in factories.

The Pitts India Act of 1784 created a 'Board of Control' to exercise authority over the civil, military, and revenue affairs of the Company.

Lord Lytton is associated with the aggressive 'Forward Policy' to prevent Russian influence from expanding into Central Asia and India.

Bengal Regulation XXI of 1795 declared the practice of killing infants as murder, targeting the custom prevalent in parts of Northern India.

The Harcourt Butler Committee was appointed to examine the relationship between the British Crown and the Indian Princely States.

Post-1858, the British asserted 'Paramountcy', making it clear that the British Crown was the supreme authority over all Indian states.

Lord Wellesley introduced the Subsidiary Alliance system, compelling Indian rulers to maintain British troops and accept a British Resident at their court.